Low temperatures make engine starting difficult, primarily due to increased lubricating oil viscosity, decreased battery performance, and poor fuel atomization.
Engine oil viscosity increases with decreasing temperature, worsening its flow properties and thus deteriorating engine lubrication conditions, increasing crankshaft rotational resistance.
At low temperatures, battery electrolyte viscosity also increases, reducing permeability and internal resistance, significantly decreasing battery capacity and terminal voltage, potentially preventing discharge. Lower voltage means the starter motor cannot provide the required output power, making it difficult to reach the starting speed.
Low crankshaft speed at engine start-up, coupled with low intake manifold temperature and gas velocity, and poor fuel atomization, further complicates starting.
Under low-temperature conditions, the high viscosity and poor flow of various fluids hinder the operation of the road roller and exacerbate wear on machine parts.
High lubricating oil viscosity increases the power loss during oil agitation, reducing engine power and transmission system efficiency, thereby decreasing the driving capacity of the road roller's traveling and vibration mechanisms.
Poor fluidity of lubricating oil makes lubrication of certain components more difficult, reduces lubrication effectiveness, and thus accelerates wear on engine and transmission components.
High viscosity of the working oil also increases pipeline resistance, making hydraulic steering difficult, reducing the efficiency of hydraulically driven brakes, increasing driving difficulties, and adversely affecting safe driving.
During cold seasons, there is also the common hazard of freezing, such as: battery electrolyte freezing can stop its operation; and water-cooled engine coolant freezing can crack the radiator and cylinder block.
